ABSTRACT In the present review we are discussing the importance of different hydrazide derivatives for tuberculosis and other disease conditions. Hydrazides are the compounds which can be mainly synthesised by the reaction between acids and hyrazines. Also they can be synthesised from chalcones. Due to the functional group similarity with the well established antitubercular drug isoniazid, most of the hydrazide and its derivatives show activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Hyrazides and its derivatives also possess various biological activities such as antibacterial, fungicidal, anticonvulsant, antimalarial, antitumor etc. The article aims the review of recent developments in the synthesis and biological potentials of hydrazide derivatives. Keywords: Hydrazides, Antimycobacterial, Antibacterial, Antifungal.

ABSTRACT Schiff bases are derived by the condensation of an amino compound with carbonyl compound. Heterocyclic Schiff base ligands have various applications which include antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antitumour activity. In the current work two Schiff base ligands have been synthesized from 4-aminoantipyrine, Thiophene-2-Carboxaldehyde / Pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde both by the conventional method and microwave assisted method. The ligands are characterized by UV and FTIR and are screened for antibacterial activity. Keywords: Schiff base, 4-aminoantipyrine, Microwave assisted synthesis.

ABSTRACT Enviro-economics has become the spotlighted theme for the development of new processes for livening products or new products. The fact is that recently ascertained room temperature ionic liquids are emerging as a set of green solvents, mainly as replacement for unadventurous organic solvents, have shown great promise as an attractive alternative to predictable solvents. Keywords: Chloroaluminate Ionic Liquid, Deferent Aldehydes and Aryl or Alkyl Coupling, Prins Cylizetion, Regioselective.

ABSTRACT A simple, sensitive, precise and rapid reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of Moxonidine (MOXO) and Amlodipine (AMLO) in bulk drug and tablet dosage forms. The separation was achieved by using Qualisil BDS C8 column (250mm X 4.6mm, 5μ) as stationary phase and mobile phase consists of Methanol: Buffer (10mM Sodium Dihydrogen Ortho Phosphate) in ratio 70:30v/v with a flow rate of 1ml/min. Analysis was performed at ambient temperature with detection at 245 nm. The retention times of Moxonidine and Amlodipine were found to be3.4 and 6.3 min and the calibration curves were linear (r2=0.999) over a concentration range from 1-50μg/ml for Moxonidine and Amlodipine respectively. The Limit of detection (LOD) of Moxonidine and Amlodipine was observed to be 0.5μg/ml and 0.5μg/ml respectively, the Limit of quantitation (LOQ) of Amlodipine was observed to be 0.6μg/ml and 0.6μg/ml respectively. The developed method was validated for parameters like system suitability, specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, ruggedness and robustness as per ICH guidelines and the results were found to be within the limits. So it can be used for the routine quality control of Moxonidine and Amlodipine in bulk sample and tablet dosage forms. Keywords: Simultaneous estimation, Moxonidine, Amlodipine and RP-HPLC.

ABSTRACT In the recent scenario of emerging infectious diseases, studies on immunomodulations as an effective and protective approach have become inevitable. Demand for safe therapeutic agents in the treatment of cancer is on the increase. The immunomodulating activity of the ethanol extract of Ecteinascidia venui was evaluated against Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) bearing Swiss albino mice. After tumor inoculation, the extract at the dose of 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight were administered orally and compared with the standard drug Vincristin (80 mg/kg bw). Treatment with the extract increased bone marrow cellularity (21.62×106 cells/femur) and β-esterase positive cells (1003/4000 cells). The antibody titer was maximum (193.16±5.46) in Group IV on the 15th day of treatment. Plaque forming cells in spleen increased gradually reaching a peak (241.65±2.69) on the 6th day. A reduction in serum Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT), cellular Glutathione (GSH) and restoration of NO levels was observed on the 15th day in tumor bearing mice. The results indicate that the extract contains bioactive compounds playing important role in immune response. Keywords: Ecteinascidia venui, Immunomodulatory, DLA cells.

ABSTRACT High Performance Thin Liquid Chromatography (HPTLC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) spectroscopic techniques were done for quantification of methanolic extract of leaf and stem of Indigofera longeracemosa. Chromatographic technique was used for separation of components from methanolic extract. This study was planned to develop a HPLC, HPTLC fingerprint profile of methanol extract. A HPTLC method for the separation of the active constituents has been developed. HPLC and HPTLC profiling of the methanol extract confirmed the presence of various phytochemicals. HPLC and HPTLC fingerprint scanned at 400nm revealed 12 peaks with Rf values in the range of 0.23 to 0.88 respectively. The functional groups were identified by FT-IR spectrum. Overall, FTIR fingerprinting has the potential to be a fast and reliable analytical methodology for the discrimination of the plant and hence chemically similar samples. Keywords: Phytochemical, HPLC, HPTLC, FT-IR, Indigofera longeracemosa

ABSTRACT A simple, very selective, linear, precise and accurate RP-HPLC method was developed and validated as per ICH guidelines for assay of Pyridoxamine dihydrochloride and Acetyl cystenine in bulk and in tablet dosage forms. An isocratic elution at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/ min was employed on a C18 (phenomenon, cremini 250*4.6mm, 5 micron) column at room temperature. The mobile phase consisted of potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer and methanol in the ratio of 90:10 at pH 2.2 with ortho phosphoric acid. The detection wavelength was 210nm and 20μl of sample was injected. This method obeys Beer’s law and the correlation coefficient value was above 0.999. The method was successfully applied to commercial formulation of this combination and validated as per standard analytical procedures. The proposed method applicable for routine analysis of Pyridoxamine dihydrochloride and Acetyl cystenine in bulk and in tablet dosage forms. Keywords: Pyridoxamine dihydrochloride, Glycated proteins, Determination, Acetyl cystenine.