ABSTRACT

The conductometric measurements of (4S,4aS,5aS,6S,12As,Z)-2-[ amino(hydroxy)-methylene]-7-chloro-4-(dimethylamino)-6,10,11,12a-tetrahydroxy-6-methyl-4a,5,5a,6-tetrahydrotetracene-1,3,12(2H,4H,12aH)-trione [ACDTT] and (2S, 6R)-7-chloro -2, 4, 6-trimethoxy-6\'-methyl-3H, 4\'H-spiro[1-benzofuran 2, 1’-] cyclohex-2-ene]-3,4\'-dione[CTBCD] were recently carried out at different molar concentrations of solute at constant temperature to investigate the solute-solvent, ion-solvent interactions as well as the effect of dilution was investigated. The conductance data in all cases have been analyzed by Shedlovsky method to obtain limiting molar conductance (λm) data and ion association constants (KA) values. The thermodynamic parameters like change in enthalpy, entropy and free energy for the ion pair formation have been calculated from the value of ion association constant at constant temperature. The results have been discussed in terms of ion-ion, ion-solvent and solvent-solvent interactions and also the effects of various substituents(groups) were investigated. This investigation gave detail information regarding pharmokinetics and pharmodynamics of these drugs.

Keywords: Conductometric measurements, (4S,4aS,5aS,6S,12As,Z)-2-[amino(hydroxy)-methylene]-7-chloro-4-(dimethylamino)-6,10,11,12a-tetrahydroxy-6-methyl-4a,5,5a,6-tetrahydrotetracene-1,3,12(2H,4H,12aH)-trione [ACDTT] and (2S, 6R)-7-chloro -2, 4, 6-tri- methoxy-6\'-methyl-3H,4\'H-spiro[1-benzofuran 2,1’-]cyclohex-2-ene]-3,4\'-dione [CTBCD], Thermodynamic parameters, Walden Product.

ABSTRACT

An investigation was carried out to study the soil properties at the kurud block. The main objectives of this study is to collect information of soil type, slope, acidity viz. of the soil causes trace element deficiencies, N, P and K deficiencies, to study the physical and chemical properties, to know what soil pH & conductivity is and how it is calculated, Crop fertility, Understand and analyze the soil quality of Kurud block. For this study 5 sampling points were selected those are Anwari, Kulhadi, Gatapar, Thuha, and Kodapar. In this study we observed that there are four types of Soil in kurud block which are kanhar, Bhata, Matasi, & Dorsa, Soil contain various element like N, P, K, Al3+, Mg2+ etc. By analyzing the taken Soil Sample, soil was Loamy Soil, which is also called Matasi, it have mixture of sand, slit and clay. pH & electrical conductivity of soil depends on the basis of mobility of ions and also the importance of soil depends on the basis of pH. By Studying to this soil sample we measure that the productivity of rice, oilyseeds (ground nut, musterd) is best in this area. Maximum Matasi Soil Samples of Kurud block have low water retention capacity & low fertility status. The non saline nature of soil is due to the presence of carbonates & bicarbonates of Na+Ca2+,Mg2+,K+ and acidic nature is determined by the presence of chloride or sulphate salts of Na+ Mg2+ etc. High correlation between pH & Conductivity in soil is that pH values affect the conductivity. Conductivity based on salt ion mobility of soil. A decrease in the pH value decreases E.C. or any change in pH value induces a change or variability in the E.C With the help of this study we found the pH & conductivity of the soil. Moreover we also get to know about the nature of the soil (acidic or basic) and the type of ions found in it. So we concluded that the pH of this area is mainly below 6.5 to 8.5. This causes soil acidity and low productivity, whereas electrical conductivity of this area is mainly below to 1, which are well within the limit for the normal crop growth and it suggests that soil is not salty.

Keywords: Deficiencies Toxicity, Loamy Soil, Parameters, Conductivity.

ABSTRACT

A tetradentate Schiff base ligand was prepared by a 2:1 molar condensation of 4 – (Benzeneazo) salicylaldehyde with o-phenylenediamine. The copper (II) chelate was synthesized by refluxing ethanolic solutions of the schiff base ligand and copper (II) chloride. The ligand and the copper (II) complex were characterized by melting point, decomposition temperature, molar conductance, infrared, elemental analysis, antibacterial, antifungal and potentiometry. The ligand is orange, has a melting point temperature of 193oC, and percentage yield of 70%. The copper (II) complex is red, has decomposition temperature of 286oC and percentage yields of 62%. The ligand and its copper (II) complex are not soluble in water and most common organic solvents except DMSO and DMF. The molar conductance of the complex determined is 7.9 ohm-1cm2mol-1. The band at 1590cm-1 in the infrared spectral data of the ligand is assigned to v(C=N) stretching vibrations, which undergoes a shift to lower wave numbers at 1538cm-1 on coordination to the metal ions. The band at 586 and 511cm-1 are attributable to v(Cu-N) and v(Cu-O) vibration modes. The elemental analysis of the complex established 1:1 copper – ligand ratio. The antifungal and antibacterial tests carried out on the ligand and its copper (II) copper showed moderate activity. The dissociation constant of the ligand determined is 11.67, indicating a week acid. The ratio of metal to ligand determined potentiometrically suggested 1:1. The stability constant and the Gibb’s free energy of copper (II) complex determined is 3.16X1011 and 4.15 KJmol-1, respectively, establishing that the complex is very stable.

Keywords: 4 – (Benzeneazo) Salicylaldehyde, Potentiometry, Complex compound, Schiff base, Molar Conductance and Solubility.

ABSTRACT The ethanolic extract of the leaves of Picralima nitida was analyzed by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Ten different phytochemical compounds have been characterized, including : 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl phenol(0.65%), N1-(4-fluorobenzylideno)-N2-(4-quinolinyl-1-oxide) hydrazine(2.19%), sulfurous acid butyl cyclohexylmethyl ester(1.15%), 1,2,3,5-cyclohexanetetrol(40.73%), alpha-methyl mannofuranoside(39.88%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester(2.65%), 7-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester(2.95%), 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol(5.17%), N,N-dimethyldodecanamide(2.10%) and N,N-dimethyl decanamide (2.51%). The extract showed marked antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Proteus mirabilis. These results give credence to the use of the extract in herbal medicine for the treatment of diseases and infections.

Keywords: Picralima nitida leaves, Chemical constituents, GC-MS analysis, Antibacterial activity, Herbal medicine.

ABSTRACT

Ethanolic extract of simple ascidian, Phallusia arabica Savigny, 1816 was subjected to antipyretic and analgesic activity on albino rats by Brewer‟s yeast induced pyrexia, Eddy‟s hot plate and Heat conduction methods respectively. The extract, when administered at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight caused significant antipyretic activity by lowering the body temperature at sixth hour compared to the standard drug paracetamol (10 mg/kg bw). Results of analgesic activity showed that the groups treated with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg bw had highly significant analgesic activity in both the methods compared to that of the standard drug, diclofenac sodium (9 mg/kg bw).

Keywords: Phallusia arabica, Antipyretic, Paracetamol, Analgesic, Diclofenac sodium.

ABSTRACT

Euphorbia nivulia stem extracts (petroleum ether, chloroform, Ethanol and water) were used for analysing their potential phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial property. Results of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, tannins, oil (Ethanol extract). Crude extracts (various solvents) of Euphorbia nivulia stem were used for studying their antimicrobial property. Antimicrobial activity results revealed that Ethanol extract showed the maximum activity, where as the petroleum ether, chloroform and water extract shows very less activity or no activity against the microbial strains used in this study.

Keywords: Antibacterial, Euphorbia nivulia, Ethanol, Phytochemicals.

ABSTRACT

Musa balbisiana (Family: Musaceae), is a species of wild variety native to Tamil Nadu commonly known as plantain tree. Ayurvedic physicians of Karnataka and Kerala for the treatment of urinary stones for several centuries recommend the juice from the shoots of this plantain. The juices of Musa balbisiana plantain shoots have been reported for dissolving pre-formed stones and in preventing the formation of stones in the urinary bladder of rats. Though several studies were available on the nutritional values of banana, data is still unclear with particular reference to the nutritional elements of the shoot. In addition, the underlying mechanism behind their anti-urolithiatic activity remains uninvestigated. Hence, the aqueous extract was studied for its nutritional elements by using recently recommended pharmacopoeial technique, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the elements potassium and sodium were present in the aqueous extract in a level sufficient to elicit diuretic activity that may be the reason behind its urolithiatic activity.

Keywords: Potassium, Sodium, Urolithiasis, ICP-MS, Musa balbisiana spray-dried extract.

ABSTRACT

A new series of pyrazoline derivatives (2a-j) have been synthesized in excellent yields from hydroxychalcones (1a-j). These newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities which showed moderate to good activity against the different strains of bacteria and fungi tested. All the synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, 1HNMR and Mass spectral data.

Keywords: Chalcones, Hydrazine hydrate, Pyrazolines, Antimicrobial activities.

ABSTRACT

A series of biologically active halogen substituted flavones (2a-j) were evaluated for their antioxidant potential using DPPH screening method. These compounds exhibited potent antioxidant activity, which is close to standard flavonoid quercetin.

Keywords: Halohydroxychalcones, Flavones, Antioxidant activity.

ABSTRACT

This research paper contains the abstract which is the research work based on Nature of Coal Ash Slurry with respect to physic-chemical parameters, Coal a fossil fuel which is the largest source of energy for the generation of electricity worldwide, as well as one of the largest worldwide anthropogenic sources of carbon dioxide emissions. Gross carbon dioxide emissions from coal usage are slightly more than those from petroleum and about double the amount from natural gas. Coal is extracted from the ground by mining, either underground or in open pits. Coal is the most important and abundant fossil fuel in India. It accounts for 63% of the country’s energy need. India now ranks 3rd among the coal producing countries. Most of the coal production in India cumbersome open pit mines contributing over 80% of the total production. Although coal plays an important role in catering to energy needs, it also causes environmental damage during mining, transportation and processing. Here this research work explains that up to what extent coal ash will be acidic or alkaline in nature.

Keywords: Coal, Ash Slurry, Nature, Thermal Power Plant.